"Recruitment/Hiring" the compete process of Attracting ,shortlisting, selecting and appointing appropriate candidates for jobs within an organization.
"Recruitment/Hiring" the compete process of Attracting ,shortlisting, selecting and appointing appropriate candidates for jobs within an organization. Managers, human resource generalists and recruitment specialists may be tasked with carrying out recruitment, while in some government sector employment commercial recruitment agencies, or specialist search consultancies are used to undertake parts of the process.
Steps of Recruitment Process:
Job analysis
In situations where new jobs are created or the nature of a job has primarily changed, a job analysis might be undertaken to document the knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) required or sought for the job.
Sourcing
Sourcing is process of using one or more strategies to attract candidates to fill job vacancies. It may involve internal and/or external recruitment advertising, using appropriate media, such as job portals, local or national newspapers, social media, business media, specialist recruitment media, professional publications, window advertisements.
Some of candidates also uses Recruiting Agencies to get the job vacancy.
Screening and Selection
Various psychological tests can evaluate many KSAOs, including Education . Assessments are also available to measure physical ability in recruitment process. In many countries, employers are legally mandated to ensure their screening and selection processes meet equal opportunity and ethical standards.
Many companies, including multinational organizations are also often concerned about whether candidate fits the prevailing organizational culture. Recruitment agencies and company are now turning to video screening as a way to notice these skills without inviting the candidates in physically
Diversity
Many major corporations recognize the need for diversity in hiring to compete successfully in a global economy.
Outsourcing
Recruitment process outsourcing (RPO) is a form of Business process outsourcing (BPO) where a company engages a third party provider to manage all its recruitment process.
Approaches
Internal recruitment refers to the process of a candidate being selected from the existing workforce to take up a new job in the same organization to meet a specific or urgent organizational need. It can be quicker and have a lower cost to hire someone internally. An employee referral program is a system where existing employees recommend prospective candidates for the job offered.
Social recruiting is the use of social media for recruiting including sites like Facebook and Twitter or career-oriented social networking sites such as LinkedIn and XING is a rapidly growing sourcing technique. Mobile recruiting is a recruitment strategy that uses mobile technology to attract, engage and convert candidates. Some recruiters work by accepting payments from job seekers, and in return help them to find a job.
Multi-Level Recruitment
In some companies where the vacancies are large, its common to see a multi level recruitment where the different sub-functions are grouped together to achieve efficiency.
For an example of a 3 level recruitment model:
- Level 1 - Contact - This level acts as the first point of contact where recruitment requests are being raised. If the requests are simple to fulfil or are queries in nature, resolution may take place at this level.
- Level 2 - Administration – This level manages mainly the administration processes.
- Level3 - Process – This level manages the process and how the requests get fulfilled.
Types of Recruitment
Internal Recruitment: Internal recruitment which takes place within the concern or organization. Internal sources of recruitment are readily available to an organization. Internal sources are mainly - Transfers, promotions and Re-employment of ex-employees.
Major Sources of Internal-Recruitment:
Transfers
“A transfer involves the shifting of an employee from one job to another without changing the responsibilities or compensation”
Employee transfer One of the internal mobility of the employee is transfer. It is lateral movement of employee in an organization by the employee.
Promotions
Promotion refers to the advancement of an employee's rank or position in a hierarchical structure.
Re-employment of ex-employees
Re-employment of ex-employees is one of the internal sources of recruitment in which employees can be invited and appointed to fill vacancies in the concern. There are situations when ex-employees provide unsolicited applications also.
Internal recruitment may improve employee’s productivity and their motivation level. It also saves time, money and efforts at organizational level. Not all the manpower requirements can be met through internal recruitment as creates hurdles for new talents. For Productive and efficient hiring external recruiting has to be done.
External Recruitment - External sources of recruitment have to be solicited from outside the organization. External sources are external to a concern. But it involves lot of time and money. The external sources of recruitment include - Employment at factory gate, advertisements, employment exchanges, employment agencies, educational institutes, labour contractors, recommendations etc.
Employment at Factory Level - This a source of external recruitment in which the applications for vacancies are presented on bulletin boards outside the Factory or at the Gate. This kind of recruitment is applicable generally where factory workers are to be appointed. There are people who keep on soliciting jobs from one place to another. These applicants are called as unsolicited applicants. These types of workers apply on their own for their job. For this kind of recruitment workers have a tendency to shift from one factory to another and therefore they are called as “badli” workers.
Advertisement - It is an external source which has got an important place in recruitment procedure. The biggest advantage of advertisement is that it covers a wide area of market and scattered applicants can get information from advertisements. Medium used is Newspapers and Television.
Employment Exchanges - There are certain Employment exchanges which are run by government. Most of the government undertakings and concerns employ people through such exchanges. Now-a-days recruitment in government agencies has become compulsory through employment exchange.
Employment Agencies - There are certain professional organizations which look towards recruitment and employment of people, i.e. these private agencies run by private individuals supply required manpower to needy concerns.
Educational Institutions - There are certain professional Institutions which serves as an external source for recruiting fresh graduates from these institutes. This kind of recruitment done through such educational institutions, is called as Campus Recruitment. They have special recruitment cells which helps in providing jobs to fresh candidates.
Recommendations - There are certain people who have experience in a particular area. They enjoy goodwill and a stand in the company. There are certain vacancies which are filled by recommendations of such people. The biggest drawback of this source is that the company has to rely totally on such people which can later on prove to be inefficient.
Labour Contractors - These are the specialist people who supply manpower to the Factory or Manufacturing plants. Through these contractors, workers are appointed on contract basis, i.e. for a particular time period. Under conditions when these contractors leave the organization, such people who are appointed have to also leave the concern.